Alcobaça owes its name to the Arab occupation and to the union of the river Alcôa and Baça near its Monastery, built between 1178 and 1254, right after the donation vow of the lands conquered in 1153 by the first king of Portugal - D. Afonso Henriques, about the time of the conquer of Santarém from the Saracens. At once the first dynasty kings recognised the cultural and economical value of the Order of Cister, assigning it with privileges and a wide territory formed of thirteen enclosures or lands with their own administration and laws, partially different from those of the kingdom. From those days come the ruins of its medieval castle of Arab origin, from where the view over the city and the Monastery is remarkable. At the end of Rua do Castelo (Castle Street) we can see the Igreja da Misericórdia (Mercy Church), founded on the sixteenth century and restored on the nineteenth century. In front of the north wing of the Monastery are the Arcos de Cister (Cister Arches), integrated in beautiful seven hundredth buildings and connecting the gardens and the esolanades of the squares of D. Afonso Henrriques and da República. Igreja da Conceição (Conceição Church) is in the primitive location where in 1153 the first monks were installed, before the fundation of the Monastery. Eastward we can see Serra dos Candeeiros (Candeeiros Mountain) covered with green fields, endless stone walks and beautiful olive-groves, which are the result of the monks' plantations during the seventeeth century, and which are limited by the Arco da Memória (Memory Arch). In the route of gothic and related to king Manuel of Portugal are the Matriz de Vestiaria (Vestiaria Matrix), Capela dos Passos (Steps Chapel) and Matriz de Évora de Alcobaça (Évora and Alcobaça Matrix), Igrejas de Turquel and de Aljubarrota (Turquel and Aljubarrota Churches), or Convento de Santa Maria de Cós (Closter of Santa Maria de Cós) of the Cister nuns, hich interior has noteworthy baroque expression in the wall tiles and in the golden carved works.On the way to the ocean, northward, arise the pine-woods and the golden beaches. Southward are the very fertile fields of Cela and of Alfeizerão that, till the sixteenth century, were calm harbours of a golf that is today confined to the magnificent beach and bay of S. Martinho do Porto.

At a distance of 12 km from Leiria, we find Batalha in the banks of the Lena River. The name and the history of the town are the history of its Monastery of “Santa Maria da Vitória” (St. Mary of the Victory). Three years had passed from August 14th 1385, the date of the Aljubarrota battle, when the Monastery’s construction began in fulfilment of the vow made by King John I to the Virgin Mary.
The king had promised to build a monastery if he was successful in that historical battle. This was a decisive battle for the consolidation of the Portuguese independence and also for the establishment of the Avis dynasty.
The Monastery, UNESCO’s World Heritage, was built not on the battlefield, but 3 km away, in the valley of the Lena River, to allow the presence of a monastic community. This magnificent building is the Portuguese final Gothic greatest monument, one of the first to receive “Manueline” art decoration and one of the most beautiful European churches of the late Middle Ages. The flamboyant art used in this monument marks the high point of the Gothic style and is a symbol of the late 15th century art. Not far from the entrance of the Monastery stands the Equestrian Monument of Nuno Álvares Pereira - Army Commander of the Kingdom. Dating from 1968, the statue honours the heroic commander that defeated an invading army three times its size, in the Aljubarrota Battle.
The village developed around the Monastery. One can also admire the tower of the Parish Church; a beautiful temple decorated with a Manueline doorway, and in the interior, having two Renaissance altarpieces. Behind this church stands the Church of Mercy of King John V of baroque style inspiration, from the 18th century.
To the west of the Monastery, on the old road, stands the Boutaca Bridge in a neo-Gothic style. Not far from the town one can find the S. Mamede’s Plateau and also “Grutas da Moeda (Coins Caves). The erosion created by the passing underground waters, for millions of years, gave origin to caves and subterraneous galleries of spectacular stalactites and stalagmites. The “Grutas da Moeda” are an example of such beauty and they can be visited all year round. Many are the popular and religious traditions of this area, which are reflected in the festivities, handicrafts, as well as in the Batalha’s Traditional Stone Arts School.
Traditional dishes and flavours can be found in the “Morcelas de Arroz” and in the “Grilled codfish - Sarrabulho”. Sweets like “Cavacas do Reguengo” and “Perna” and “Palma” Cakes are the specialities to taste, accompanied with a delicious glass of wine from the “Batalha’s Adega Cooperativa” (local wine cellar).

The municipal district of Bombarral has as geographic limits several other districts: North Óbidos, East Caldas da Rainha, Southeast and South the Cadaval and Southwest Lourinhã.
The farming activity makes integrant part of the ancestral living in this territory. This fact is possible to be observed in the effective work values and in the extension of the primary sector. The vocation for the Tourism in the Rural Space appears like a natural phenomenon, with a special incidence in the Vine and Wine Route where two Farms take a special importance: Loridos, a manor house from XVI and Cerejeiras.
To the automobile sport lovers, or those who simply enjoy new experiences, the KIRO (International “Oeste” Karting Track) with a total area of eight hectares, offers to it users a track with 1.203 meters of perimeter and with fifteen different variants.
In relation to history, Bombarral has several archaeological hints that give evidence to the ancestral occupation of this municipal district.
In Carvalhal, you can see the oldest construction of all districts, a Medieval Tower, donated by D. Dinis to an Aragonite Lord. This edification is classified as a building of public interest.

CADAVAL
“There’s no ice in the summer to refresh the drinks and the snow, it has to been token from a 7 league distance, it’s rare and cheer. Using small precious argyle’s pots, very common in Portugal, inuhich the water refreshes itself marvellously in the night dew”
It was in these terms that a foreigner, in the beginnings of the XVIII century, registed the difficulty in obtaining ice during summer months in Lisbon.
In fact, face to the enormous ice consuming in the poor as in the highest classes, D. João V had to found a manner to produce ice in a local close to the capital. After the vain attempt in the S. Jorge’s Castle (in Lisbon), the choice relapsed into the Montejunto Mountains, on account of the special climacterics conditions. Thus the Royal Ice Factory was born a monument with unique architectonical characteristics in Portugal.
The municipal district of Cadaval has a touristic offer predominantly turn to nature and rural aspects together with the various leisure’s recreations in Montejunto, like: walking tracks, mountains sports and speleology.
The wine production is extremely important to the district economy, proving along the years its importance in the territory. Vast vineyards areas that go along the lopes to the Massif of Montejunto constitute the rural landscape.

CALDAS DA RAINHA
Caldas da Rainha was thermal city, established in the endings of the XV century by Queen D. Leonor, wife of King João II. In fact the thermalism was the reason for the existence of the city, without doubt an enormous touristic attraction, also due to the Thermal Hospital. It also offers diversifying proposals since the typical diary fruit marked to the museological patrimony (Malhoa Museum – where the art of the Portuguese master is exposed – the Museum House S. Rafael, the Ceramic Museum and the Sculpture Museums) Caldas da Rainha is equally one of the most important ceramic centres of the country, where the pieces of Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro detach themselves due to the originality and the critic to the social and political costumes of his contemporary, the popular figure of “Zé Povinho” or the Plates with Cabbages are the personifications of that attitude.
The Gastronomy, because of the Conventual’s influence, has its big expressions in the egg rolls, egg lamprey and Caracas. These sweets are references to the richness, singularity and cultural identity of the city.
The touristic offer is also constituted by the beautiful Foz do Arelho beach, near the Lagoa de Óbidos (Lagoon). In the past this lagoon was more extensive and arrived to the walls of Óbidos Castle. Ideal for the practice of nautical sports, serve as a frontier because of its location between the districts of Caldas da Rainha (North margin) and Óbidos (South margin). In the Northern edge the Foz do Arelho beach is situated (ten kilometres from Caldas da Rainha), in a not profound earth depression, with irregular rectors by the sea, whose natural separation barrier is formed by an extensive littoral dune cordon.

LOURINHÃ
The littoral district of “Oeste” Region, 63 kilometres from Lisbon and with about 18 kilometres of sea coast, spectacular landscapes distributed by countryside and beaches where you could find excellent belvederes.
Beautiful beaches and unexplored sea-bays that invite to the practice of several nautical sports: submarine hunting, sportive fishing, underwater photography and windsurfing.
Land with historical roots that ascend since the Roman occupation of the Peninsula, possessing a rich monumental patrimony. Among the several monumental jewels are: the Matrix Church a gothic temple from the XIV century and the Church of Misericórdia with it “Manuelino” gateway. Two examples are the delicacy and the magnificence that take place in old art. The XIV Pillory also Know as the Pillory of the antique Castle deserves a visit.
Lourinhã is equally appreciated by the precious hints of the Jurassic Period. The cliffs area of the Paimogo Fortress is an old dinosaur fossil nesting with a number of eggs and shell eggs that were object of an intensive research work between the years of 1993 and 1996. This work allowed the organization of a vast set permanently exposed in the Municipal Museum (GEAL).

ÓBIDOS
“Re-established upon the foundations that still exist in some of the buildings razzed by the earthquake in 1755, remain no more than a dozen of constructions from that century; give those that survive a light cerographic reconstruction of some architectural details, and, without changing the general disposition of the streets and a group of houses; this is Óbidos, an integral and faithful remaining Portuguese burg from 300 years ago."
It was in these terms that Ramalho Ortigão remembers the secular existence of this magic place, full of history, culture and patrimony.
In fact, Óbidos is a treasure from our country, this medieval village can’t release a long visit because of its several points of interest. Beyond the Village Door, that has in there interior an oratorical dedicated to Nª. Sr.ª. da Graça, it is instantaneously possible to find an enormous attraction that the white houses and the sinuosity of the streets suggest upon the visitant. Churches, windows, staircases and yards are other reference points.
The Óbidos Castle, where the Inn is to be found, might have Roman origins; nevertheless, it was under the Arabic domination that the Fortress won a certain status.
Lágoa de Óbidos (Lagoon) is ideal for the practice of nautical sports, the “Eburobrittium” roman city, the golf course of Praia d’El Rey are other elements that certainly deserve a visit.

PENICHE
The origin of Peniche is lost in the night and in several stories. In ancient times, Peniche was an island, without the “arm” of earth that makes the connection with the continent. Once an island, it was colonized by a small group of Lusitanians who run away from the malicious Júlio César to that place of difficult access. They gave origin to the population of Peniche. Rodrigo Carvalheiro and Eduardo Dias transcribes it in a book called “Memórias de Forasteiro”, a narrative of the Crusade warrior Osberno, to D. Afonso Henriques battle companion in the conquest of Lisbon: “In the fallowing day, we entered in the port of Peniche Island, about 800 steps distant from the continent. In this island it’s abundant venisons and above all rabbits, it’s also possible to find the alcaçuz plant…"
In old times, the word Peniche meant “small boat”.
The district offers several interesting points: a Fortress Museum, several precious district Churches, each one with a very personify beauty and architectonical richness. From these, in the village of Peniche, four deserver a mention: Church of Misericódia, Nª. Sr.ª. da Ajuda, Remédios Sanctuary and S, Pedro Church.
The Handicraft, the truth-value of the city, has in bobbing laces its biggest expression.
In Peniche it’s possible to find a set of magnificently and beautiful beaches: Baleal, Consolação, Supertubos, S. Bernardino… these beaches are ideal for the practice of water sports. Berlenga’s islands, the unique natural maritime reserve of the country, make the people of Peniche proud.

SOBRAL DE MONTE AGRAÇO
The oldest known document date from October of 1186 and with it D. Sancho I gave the “Reguengo de Soveral” to D. Paio a bishop from Évora’s Cathedral and his successors. This fact happened in the period of Christian reconquest and where there was the necessity to populate the lands in order not to allow a new Moor Invasion.
The donation of the “Reguengo” allowed the formation of a settlement named Montagraço, whose habitants worked in the fields and paid rents to them. The birth of this local gave birth to the municipal district of Sobral de Monte Agraço like it is today. The first Privilege Cart of Monte Agraço is dated from December 20th of 1518.
Early in the 20th century the district was located in an important defence line, because in this area there were various Fortresses that together formed the first line of defence called “Linhas de Torres”. In fact, Sobral de Monte Agraço was one of the zones that suffered more damages due to the French Invasions. Today it’s still possible to find fair positions and trenches.
To visit: the São Salvador do Mundo House, one of the best Tourism Houses in the Rural Space of ”Oeste” Tourism Region, whose construction was ordered by D. Manuel I in 1520 and classified as a National Monument in June of 1910; the Fortress of Montagraço (Alqueidão Fortress) with an impressive belvedere deserves also a visit.

TORRES VEDRAS
Many historians believe that the origins of Torres Vedras came from the Chalcolithic Period, properly from the Chalcolithic Caster of Zambujal, where the first civilized structure of national territory appeared. The Romans also elected the fertile valleys of Torres Vedras for the settlement of rural houses, initiating the vineyards culture. However, only after the Christian reconquest, the present city has its historical affirmation. The creation of the municipality remounts from the reign of D. Afonso Henriques, although the first Privilege Cart has been given by D. Afonso III and reformed in 1510 by D. Manuel.
Stage of memorable events, it was in this local, that D. João I reunited his council in 1413 for the deliberation about Ceuta’s conquest.
Another historical fact deserves to be mentioned, by the enormous social, cultural and economic consequences: the complex defence system called ”Linhas de Torres”, that allowed to defeat the Napoleonic troops in the time of French Invasions.
Land of sun and sea, with 20 kilometres of sea coast, the beaches of Santa Cruz, Porto Novo, Santa Rita or Assenta have an enormous search not only in the summer but also during all year. Calm or cosmopolitan environments, allow several leisure moments and sport practices, namely surf. These places are also chosen as holiday residence.
The Vimeiro Spa, the hipic-centre, the golf course of Golf Mar Hotel and the Airfield are equipments that complete the touristic offer of Torres Vedras.






